These two carotenoids are the only antioxidants found in the macula itself—the part of your eye responsible for sharp, central vision.

They act as a natural "internal sunscreen," filtering harmful blue light and neutralizing free radicals before they can damage delicate retinal cells.

The landmark AREDS2 study confirmed that lutein and zeaxanthin reduce the risk of AMD progression by 18-25% in people with intermediate AMD.

Source: NIH National Eye Institute AREDS2 Study

Used by British pilots in WWII for improved night vision, bilberry contains powerful anthocyanins—antioxidants that give the berry its deep purple color.

Research shows bilberry extract can reduce free radicals in retinal cells by up to 60% and inhibits the NF-κB inflammation pathway linked to AMD progression.

It also supports healthy blood flow to the tiny vessels that nourish your retina.

Vaccinium myrtillus (fruit)

Your retina contains the highest concentration of zinc of any tissue in your body. It's essential for transporting vitamin A to create the pigments that protect your macula.

Here's what makes us different: Most AREDS formulas use 80mg of zinc, which causes severe stomach upset in many people. We use 32mg—enough to support your eyes effectively while being significantly gentler on your digestive system.

No more choosing between eye health and stomach comfort.

ALA is unique because it's both water and fat-soluble—meaning it can protect every part of your cells, inside and out.

A clinical trial with 100 dry AMD patients showed significant improvement in visual function after ALA supplementation.

Even better: ALA regenerates vitamins C and E after they've neutralized free radicals, essentially "recycling" your other antioxidants for continued protection.

Universal antioxidant

These two vitamins form the antioxidant backbone of the AREDS2 formula—the most extensively studied eye nutrition protocol in history.

Vitamin C (200mg) protects the aqueous humor and lens, while Vitamin E (20mg) shields the fatty membranes of your retinal cells from oxidative damage.

Together, they demonstrated a 25% reduction in AMD progression in the original AREDS study.

Source: NIH National Eye Institute

When you supplement with zinc, your body's copper absorption can decrease—potentially leading to deficiency over time.

We include 2mg of copper specifically to maintain healthy mineral balance and prevent this issue.

This is exactly what the AREDS2 researchers recommended, and it's a detail some cheaper supplements skip.

Quercetin is a powerful flavonoid that inhibits angiogenesis—the growth of abnormal blood vessels that can convert dry AMD to the more serious wet form.

It also reduces inflammation and protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative stress.

Think of it as an extra layer of defense against AMD progression.

Sophora japonica (bud)

Your retina contains the highest concentration of taurine of any tissue in your body—and for good reason.

This amino acid is critical for photoreceptor development and survival. Taurine deficiency has been directly linked to retinal degeneration in research studies.

As we age, taurine levels naturally decline. Supplementation helps maintain the levels your eyes need.

Amino Acid

Lycopene stands out as "the only carotenoid" showing protection against BOTH early-stage and wet AMD in research.

This powerful red pigment (found naturally in tomatoes) has twice the antioxidant power of beta-carotene and accumulates in retinal tissue where it's needed most.

Carotenoid antioxidant

The tiny blood vessels that nourish your retina are incredibly delicate. Grape seed extract contains oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs)—compounds that strengthen capillary walls and improve microcirculation.

Better blood flow means more oxygen and nutrients reaching your macula, and faster removal of metabolic waste.

Vitis vinifera L. (seed)

Rutin is a bioflavonoid that works alongside quercetin to strengthen blood vessel walls and reduce capillary fragility.

This is particularly important for the delicate vasculature of the eye, where weak vessels can lead to leakage and vision problems.

It also has natural anti-inflammatory properties that support overall eye health.

Sophorae japonica L. (flower)

Used for centuries in European herbal medicine specifically for eye complaints, Eyebright contains flavonoids and tannins that support eye comfort.

While modern research is still catching up to traditional use, its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties have made it a trusted component of eye health formulas for generations.

Euphrasia officinalis (whole plant)

Your optic nerve transmits millions of signals from your retina to your brain every second. B vitamins are essential for healthy nerve function and cellular energy production.

Our formula includes B1, B2, B3, B12, and Biotin—a comprehensive complex to support the neural pathways of vision.

Research has linked adequate B vitamin intake to reduced risk of AMD and overall eye health maintenance.

Vitamin A is literally required to see. It forms rhodopsin, the light-sensitive pigment in your rod cells that enables vision in low light.

We use beta-carotene, the plant-based precursor that your body converts to vitamin A as needed—making overdose virtually impossible while ensuring adequate supply.

As Beta-carotene (100 mcg RAE)

Beyond zinc and copper, we include additional minerals that support overall eye function:

Calcium (50mg) — Supports lens transparency and nerve signal transmission

Magnesium (40mg) — Helps regulate intraocular pressure and supports over 300 enzymatic reactions

Selenium (8mcg) — Activates antioxidant enzymes that protect retinal tissue

Chromium (3.6mcg) — Supports healthy blood sugar, important since diabetes is a major risk factor for eye problems